The name California is most commonly believed to have derived from a fictional paradise peopled by Black Amazons and ruled by Queen Calafia. states of California, Nevada, and Utah, and parts of Arizona, New Mexico, and Wyoming. The word California originally referred to the entire region composed of the Baja California peninsula of Mexico, the current U.S. Main article: Origin of the name California If California were a country, it would have the 8th largest economy in the world and it would be the 34th most populous nation. Other important contributors to its economy include aerospace, education, and manufacturing. California's prosperous agricultural industry also emerged at least half of the fresh fruit produced in the United States are now cultivated in California, and the state also leads in the production of vegetables. The late 20th century saw the development of the technology and information sectors, punctuated by the growth of Silicon Valley (part of the San Francisco Bay Area).
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Key developments in the early 20th century included the emergence of Los Angeles as the center of the American entertainment industry, and the growth of a large, state-wide tourism sector. and abroad and an accompanying economic boom. The California Gold Rush beginning in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic change, with large scale immigration from the U.S. Western areas of Alta California became the state of California, which was admitted as the 31st state on September 9, 1850. American victory in the war led to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, in which Mexico ceded Alta California to the United States. Though its existence was short-lived, its flag became the precursor for California's current state flag. Shortly after the beginning of the Mexican-American War in 1846, a group of American settlers in Sonoma declared an independent California Republic in Alta California. In 1821, Alta California became a part of Mexico following its successful war for independence. Beginning in the late 18th century, the area known as Alta California, comprising the California territory north of the Baja Peninsula, was colonized by the Spanish Empire as part of New Spain. The name California once referred to a large area of North America claimed by Spain that included much of modern-day Southwestern United States and the Baja California peninsula.
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Earthquakes are a common occurrence due to the state's location along the Pacific Ring of Fire: about 37,000 are recorded annually. California contains both the highest and lowest points in the contiguous United States ( Mount Whitney and Death Valley), and has the 3rd longest coastline of all states (after Alaska and Florida). The center of the state is dominated by Central Valley, a major agricultural area. The capital city is Sacramento.Ĭalifornia's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west, to the Sierra Nevada mountains in the east – from the Redwood– Douglas-fir forests of the northwest, to the Mojave Desert areas in the southeast. It is home to the nation's second and sixth largest census statistical areas ( Greater Los Angeles area and San Francisco Bay Area, respectively), and eight of the nation's 50 most populated cities ( Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach, and Oakland).
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state, and the third most extensive (after Alaska and Texas). California grizzly bear (State Animal ) Ĭalifornia ( / ˌ k æ l ə ˈ f ɔr n j ə /) is a state located on the West Coast of the United States.